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Sigles, acronymes et abréviations

de la communication par Internet

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abrév : abréviation | acro : acronyme | ang : anglais | ext : extension | FR : France | lat : latin | marq : dénomination ou marque commerciale | prononc : prononciation | publ : organisme public | trad : traduction

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0 &
3D
ang sigle
3 dimensions


A
A


à : champ (zone de saisie) A (en ang. to) des emails.
ACLU ang sigle acro American Civil Liberties Union aclu.org
ADAE FR sigle publ Agence pour le Développement de l'Administration Électronique. cf. Atica
ADUA
sigle acro Association de Défense des Usagers de l'Administration
ADSL


voir DSL
AES ang sigle
Advanced encryption standard
AFA FR acro marq Association française des fournisseurs d'accès et de services Internet. cf. FAI.
AFNIC FR sigle acro Association française pour le nommage Internet en coopération afnic.fr
AFNOR FR sigle acro Association française de normalisation afnor.fr
AFP publ sigle FR Agence France Presse
AFUL
sigle acro Association francophone des utilisateurs de Linux et des logiciels libres
AIM ang sigle marq AOL Instant Messenger Messager instantané d'AOL
AKA
ang sigle acro Asynchronous JavaScript and XML
AKA
ang sigle
also known as
aussi connu comme
AMHA
sigle
À mon humble avis cf. IMHO
ANSI ang sigle marq American National Standards Institute voir SGML
AOL ang sigle marq America On Line
AP
ang
sigle
marq
Associated Press
Agence de presse américaine
API ang sigle acro Application programming interface Interface de programmation d'application
ARCEP publ sigle acro Autorité de régulation des communications électroniques et des postes
ARPANET
ang
acro
publ
Advanced Research Projects Agency Network
considéré comme l'ancêtre d'Internet
ART
sigle acro Autorité de régulation des télécoms cf. ARCEP
ASCII ang sigle
American standard code for information interchange Code standard américain pour l'échange d'informations
ASF ang sigle
Advanced Systems Format
ASP ang sigle
Active server page
ASP ang sigle
Application service provider
Atica FR acro publ Agence pour les technologies de l'information et de la communication dans l'Administration
AVCSW ang sigle publ Audio Video Coding Standard Workgroup Chine
AVI ang sigle acro Audio-video interleaved
AVS
ang sigle
Automatic verification system (credit cards)

B
Bi-di ang
acro bi-directional bi-directionnelle
BDR
sigle
Base de registre
BiblioML ang acro
Bibliographic Markup Language
BIOS ang sigle acro Basic input/output system
Blog ang abrév
weblog
BOCCRF FR sigle publ Bulletin officiel de la Concurrence, de la Consommation et de la Répression des fraudes
BtoB ang abrév
Business to business D'entreprise à entreprise

C
CA

sigle

Chiffre d'affaires

CADA
FR sigle publ Commission pour l'accès aux documents administratifs
CAPTCHA ang abrév
Completely Automated Public Turing test to Tell Computers and Humans Apart
Cc
abrév
copie conforme ou copie carbone cf. A et Cci.
CCA FR sigle publ Commission des clauses abusives
Cci
abrév
copie conforme invisible ou copie carbone invisible cf. A et Cc.
CC ang sigle
Creative Commons licences libres
CEI
sigle
Commission électrotechnique internationale en ang. International Electrotechnical Commission, organisation internationale de normalisation  cf. ISO
CEN
sigle
Comité européen de normalisation
CEO ang
sigle

Chief executive officer
CERN   sigle acro Conseil européen de recherche nucléaire (provisoire) acronyme conservé pour désigner l'actuelle Organisation européenne pour la recherche nucléaire
CERT ang sigle acro Computer Emergency Response Team Groupe de réponse d'urgence informatique
CERTA FR acro publ CERT de l'administration Centre d'Expertise gouvernemental de Réponse et de Traitement des Attaques informatiques : site
Cert-IST sigle acro CERT - Industrie, Services et Tertiaire : site
CGI ang sigle
Common gateway interface
CIGREF FR sigle acro Club informatique des grandes entreprises françaises
CIO ang sigle
Chief information officer cf. DSI
CLIC   sigle acro Comité de liaison des industries culturelles
CLIFTI
sigle acro Collectif pour les Libertés Individuelles Face aux Technologies de l'Information : clifti.org
CML ang sigle
Chemical markup language
CNC FR sigle
Centre national du cinéma
CNCDH FR sigle publ Commission nationale consultative des droits de l'homme
CNIL FR sigle publ Commission nationale de l'informatique et des libertés. cnil.fr
Cnit FR acro publ Centre des nouvelles industries et technologies : site
CNRS FR sigle publ Centre nationale de la recherche scientifique
COPPA ang sigle acro Children's Online Privacy Protection Act Loi fédérale US de 1998 pour la protection de l'enfance en ligne
COSA FR sigle publ Commission pour les simplifications administratives
CPSG ang sigle
Commercial Policies Steering Group comité de l'ISO
CPU ang sigle
Central processing unit Processeur
CSDEM

sigle
Chambre syndicale des éditeurs de musique
CSPLA

sigle
Conseil supérieur de la propriété littéraire et artistique
CSS ang sigle
Cascading style sheet Feuille de style en cascade
CSRF ang sigle
Cross-Site Request Forgeries
CSTI
FR sigle publ Conseil stratégique des technologies de l'information : csti
CVS ang sigle marq Concurrent Versions System

D
DAA ang sigle
Direct anonymous attestation
DCC
ang
sigle

Data country code

DCSSI
FR sigle publ Direction centrale de la sécurité des systèmes d'information : site
DD

sigle

Disque dur
cf. HD
DDM FR sigle publ Direction du développement des médias site
DDoS ang sigle
Distributed denial of service Déni de service distribué
DEP
ang
sigle

Data Execution Prevention
Prévention de l'exécution des données (processeurs)
DHCP ang sigle
Dynamic host configuration protocol
DHTML ang sigle
Dynamic HTML
DIRE FR sigle publ Délégation interministérielle à la réforme de l'État
DMCA ang sigle
Digital Millennium Copyright Act
DNS ang sigle
Domain name system
DOM ang sigle acro Document object model standard du W3C
DoS ang sigle acro Denial of service Déni de service (ne pas confondre avec DOS)
DOS ang sigle acro Disk operating system
DRM
ang sigle
Digital rights management Gestion des droits numériques
DSI
sigle
Directeur des systèmes d'information cf. CIO
DSL ang sigle
Digital subscriber line ; ADSL : Asymmetric DSL ; FDSL : Fiber DSL ; IDSL : ISDN DSL ; SDSL : Symmetric DSL ; VDSL : Very high speed DSL ; xDSL : toutes les technologies DSL.
DTD ang sigle   Document type definition  
DRIRE FR sigle publ Direction régionale de l'industrie, de la recherche et de l'environnement : site
DVD ang sigle
Digital video disc

E
ECMA ang sigle marq European Computer Manufacturers Association
EDI ang sigle acro Electronic Data Interchange Echange de données électronique
EFF ang sigle
Electronic Frontier Foundation
ENS FR sigle publ Espace Numérique des Savoirs ; site de L'Education nationale ne pas confondre avec l'ENS
EOM
ang
sigle

Original equipment manufacturer

EPAL ang sigle acro Enterprise privacy authorization language
EPIC ang sigle US Electronic Privacy Information Center epic.org
ERCIM ang sigle acro European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics : ercim.org
ERP ang sigle
Enterprise Resource Planning
ESMTP ang sigle
Extended SMTP
ETSI ang sigle
European Telecommunications Standards Institute Institut européen des normes de télécommunication

F
FAI
sigle
Fournisseur d'accès (à) Internet. cf. ISP.
FAQ ang sigle
Frequently asked questions Questions fréquemment posées
FFII ang sigle
Foundation for a free information infrastructure
FSF ang sigle
Free Software Foundation Fondation pour le logiciel libre
FTP ang sigle
File transfer protocol Protocole de transfert de fichier
FUD
ang sigle US fear, uncertainty and doubt stratégie marketing

G
GILC ang sigle acro Global Internet Liberty Campaign gilc.org
GIMP ang sigle acro GNU Image Manipulation Program
GNOME ang sigle acro GNU Network Object Model Environment gnome.org
GNU ang
acro GNU's Not Unix (prononc. guh-NEW) acro. récursif ; gnu.org
GPL ang sigle   General Public License  
GTK ang sigle   The GIMP Toolkit  
GSM ang sigle
Global system for mobile communication
GUID ang sigle acro Globally unique identifier

H
HD
ang
sigle

Hard drive
cf. DD
HP

marq Hewlett-Packard
HTML ang sigle
Hypertext mark-up language
HTTP ang sigle
Hypertext transfer protocol

I
IANA ang sigle marq International Assigned Numbers Authority voir ICANN.
IBM ang sigle marq International Business Machines
ICANN ang sigle marq Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers
ICP
sigle
Infrastructure à clés publiques
ICQ ang acro marq I seek you Je te cherche
ID ang abrév acro identifiant ne pas confondre avec id. : idem (lat)
IDE ang sigle
Integrated developement environment
IDN ang sigle
International domain names
IDSA ang sigle
Interactive Digital Software Association
IE ang sigle marq Internet Explorer le navigateur Web de Microsoft (cf. MS)
IEC ang sigle
International Electrotechnical Commission trad. Commission électrotechnique internationale (CEI)
IETF ang sigle
Internet Engineering Task Force organisme de normalisation
IGP
ang
sigle

Integrated Graphics Processor

IMAP ang sigle
Internet message access protocol
IMHO ang sigle
In my humble opinion À mon humble avis
Inova
FR acro publ Equipe Interfaces non visuelles et accessibilité

INPI FR sigle
acro
publ Institut national de la propriété intellectuelle inpi.fr
INRIA FR sigle
acro
publ Institut national de recherche en informatique et en automatique
INSERM FR sigle
acro
publ Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale inserm.fr
INTELSAT ang acro marq International Satellite Organisation
IP ang sigle
Internet protocol
IPTC ang sigle
International Press Telecommunications Council
IPv6 ang sigle
Internet protocol version 6
IRC ang sigle
Internet relay chat
ISBN ang sigle
International standard book number
ISO ang sigle acro International Standard Organisation
Isoc ang   acro Internet Society isoc.org
ISP ang sigle
Internet service provider Fournisseur d'accès Internet

J
JAR ang acro & ext Java Archive
JRE ang sigle
Java Runtime Environment
JS ang abrév & ext JavaScript
JSON ang sigle & ext JavaScript Object Notation
JVM ang sigle
Java virtual machine. cf. VM

K
KDE ang sigle   K Desktop Environment  
KHTML ang sigle
KDE HTML
KJS ang abrév
KDE JavaScript cf. JS

L
LDAP
ang sigle
Lightweight directory access protocol


M
MathML ang abrév acro Mathematical markup language standard du W3C cf. XML
MCPP ang sigle marq Microsoft Communications Protocols Program cf. MS, suite au procès antitrust
Me ang acro marq Millennium Edition version de Microsoft Windows
MGCP ang sigle
Media Gateway Control Protocol
MHTML
ang

MIME Encapsulation of Aggregate HTML

MIDI
ang sigle acro Musical Instrument Digital Interface

MIME ang sigle acro Multipurpose internet mail extensions
MIT ang sigle acro Massachusetts Institute of Technology site
MP3
ang sigle
MPEG Audio Layer-3

MPAA ang sigle marq Motion Picture Association of America Syndicat américain du cinéma
MPEG ang sigle
Moving picture expert group
MS
abrév marq Microsoft cf. IE

N
NCSA
ang
sigle
US
National Center for Supercomputing Applications
Centre national pour les applications informatiques avancées de l'université de l'Illinois ; site
NDLR

sigle

Note de la rédaction

NDT

sigle

Note du traducteur

NGSCB
ang sigle marq next-generation secure computing base
ex-Paladium de Microsoft
NISCC ang sigle
National Infrastructure Security Coordination Centre centre britannique de veille informatique
NNTP ang sigle
Network news transfer protocol
NSFnet
ang
acro
publ
National Science Foundation Network
ancêtre d'Internet au sein d'ARPANET
NSPR ang sigle
Netscape Portable Runtime
NSS ang sigle
Netscape Network Security Services
NTFS ang sigle marq New Technology File System techno. Microsoft Windows NT / 2000 / XP
NTIC
sigle
Nouvelles technologies de l'information et de la communication
NTSC ang sigle
National Television Standards Committee

O
OASIS ang sigle
Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standard
ODF ang sigle
Open Document Format format XML ouvert standardisé aurpès de l'OASIS
OEM ang sigle
Original equipment manufacturer Fabricant de composants informatiques ou télécom de base.
OLE ang sigle
Object linking & embedding

OMPI
sigle
Organisation mondiale de la propriété intellectuelle
OOXML ang sigle marq Office Open XML (MS)
OS ang sigle
Operating system système d'exploitation abrév : SE
OSDL ang sigle
Open Source Development Labs
OWL ang sigle   Web Ontology Language  

P
P2P ang acro
Peer-to-peer pair à pair
P3P
ang  
Platform for privacy preference
PAL ang sigle
Phase alternation line
PAP
ang sigle acro Password authentification protocol télécommunications
PC ang sigle marq Personal computer ordinateur individuel
PDA ang sigle
Personal digital assistant
PGP
ang sigle
Pretty good privacy chiffrement
PHP
ang sigle
Hypertext Preprocessor

PNG ang sigle
Portable network graphics
POP ang sigle
Post office protocol
PST
ang sigle
Pacific standard time
PSTN ang sigle
Public Switched Telephone Network cf. RTC

R
R&D
ang sigle
Research and development Recherche et développement
RADIUS ang sigle acro Remote authentication dial in user service Les serveurs Radius sont dédiés à l'authentification pour les accès des abonnés au réseau.
RAM ang sigle acro Random access memory Mémoire vive
RDF ang sigle
Ressource description framework standard du W3C
RIAA ang sigle marq Recording Industry Association of America Syndicat américain du disque. cf. SNEP
ROI
sigle
Retour sur investissement
ROM ang sigle acro Read only memory Mémoire morte
RSA

sigle
Rivest, Shamir, & Adleman
Technologie de chiffrement à clé publique
RSS ang sigle
RDF Rich Site Summary ou Really Simple Syndication
RTC
sigle
Réseau téléphonique commuté

S
S/MIME ang sigle
Secure multipurpose Internet mail extensions cf. MIME
SACD FR sigle
Société des auteurs et compositeurs dramatiques
SACEM FR sigle
Société des auteurs, compositeurs et éditeurs de musique cf. RIAA et SNEP
SAML ang sigle
Security assertion markup language
SCO ang sigle marq Santa Cruz Operation
SCPP FR sigle
Société civile des producteurs phonographiques
SCSI
ang
sigle

Small computer system interface

SDK ang sigle
Software development kit Kit de développement de logiciel
SECAM
acro
Séquentiel couleur à mémoire
SGBD
sigle
Système de gestion de bases de données
SGML ang sigle
Standard generalized markup language
SIP ang sigle acro Session Initiation Protocol mis au point par l'IETF pour standardiser la téléphonie sur IP ; cf. ToIP
SMIL ang sigle acro Synchronized multimedia integration language
SMS ang sigle
Short message service Texto (marq)
SMTP ang sigle
Simple mail transfert protocol
SNEP FR sigle acro Syndicat national de l'édition phonographique. cf. RIAA et SACEM
SNTP ang sigle
Simple network time protocol
SOAP ang sigle acro Simple object access protocol
SP ang sigle
Service Pack
SQL
ang sigle
Structured query language
SSI
ang sigle
Server side includes
SSL ang sigle
Secure socket layer
SSO ang sigle
Single sign-on technique d'accès à des services en ligne en ne s'identifiant qu'une seule et unique fois
SVG ang sigle
Scalable vector graphics standard du W3C

T
TCG
ang sigle
Trusted Computing Group ex-TCPA
TCP/IP ang sigle
Transport control protocol/Internet protocol
TCPA ang sigle US Trusted Computing Platform Alliance devenu TCG
TLS
ang
sigle

Transport layer security
cf. SSL ; TLS Protocol version 1.1
ToC ang abrév
Table of Contents Table des matières
ToIP ang sigle
Telephony over internet protocol
TPM ang sigle
Trusted Platform Module cf. TCG

U
UIT
sigle
Union internationale des télécommunications
UN/CEFACT ang sigle
United Nations Centre for Trade Facilitation and Electronic Business
URI ang sigle
Universal resource identifier
URL ang sigle
Uniform resource locator
USB
ang sigle
Universal serial bUS
USIIA ang sigle marq United States Internet Industry Association Syndicat américain des entrepreneurs Internet

V
VM ang sigle
Virtual machine cf. JVM
VML ang sigle marq Vector Markup Language techno. MS
VPN ang sigle
Virtual private network réseau privé virtuel

W
WAI ang sigle
Web Accessibility Initiative W3C
WAP ang sigle acro Wireless application protocol
WHATWG ang sigle
Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group
WMA ang sigle marq Windows Media Audio format audio Microsoft
WMP ang sigle marq Windows Media Player
WMV ang sigle marq Windows Media Video (extension .wmv)
format vidéo Microsoft
WWWC
ou W3C
ang sigle
World Wide Web Consortium w3c.org
WWW ang sigle
World Wide Web (abrév. : Web)
WYSIWYG ang sigle acro What you see is what you get Ce que vous voyez est ce que vous obtenez

X
XACML ang abrév
Extensible access control markup language
XAG ang sigle
XML Accessibility Guidelines W3C
XAML ang sigle acro Extensible Application Markup Language MS ; cf. XUL
XBL ang sigle
XML binding language standard du W3C
xDSL


voir DSL
XML ang abrév
Extensible markup language standard du W3C
XPath ang abrév
XML Path Language standard du W3C ; cf. XSLT
XPCOM
ang abrév
Cross-Platform Component Object Model technologie Mozilla
XPFE
ang sigle
Cross platform front end
technologie Mozilla
XQL ang abrév
Extensible query language
XSD ang sigle
XML schema definition language
XSL ang abrév
Extensible style language standard du W3C
XSL-FO ang abrév
XSL formatting objects = XSL 1.0, standard du W3C
XSLT ang sigle
XSL transformations standard du W3C & VF
XSS ang abrév
Cross-Site Scripting
XUL ang sigle
XML user interface language
XviD
ang

inversion du terme DivX
xvid.org (logiciel libre)


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